如何抓取 Toptal | Toptal 网页抓取指南

import asyncio
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright

async def scrape_toptal():
    async with async_playwright() as p:
        # 启动带界面或无头浏览器并设置隐身模式
        browser = await p.chromium.launch(headless=True)
        context = await browser.new_context(user_agent='Mozilla/5.0')
        page = await context.new_page()
        
        # 导航到特定的人才类别
        await page.goto('https://www.toptal.com/developers/python', wait_until='networkidle')
        
        # 等待通过 JavaScript 渲染的人才卡片
        await page.wait_for_selector('.talent-card')
        
        # 提取详情
        talents = await page.query_selector_all('.talent-card')
        for talent in talents:
            name_el = await talent.query_selector('.talent-name')
            name = await name_el.inner_text() if name_el else '未知'
            print(f'自由职业者: {name}')
            
        await browser.close()

asyncio.run(scrape_toptal())

import scrapy

class ToptalSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'toptal_spider'
    start_urls = ['https://www.toptal.com/designers/all']
    
    # 建议：使用中间件进行 User-Agent 轮换并处理 Cloudflare
    custom_settings = {
        'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
        'CONCURRENT_REQUESTS': 1,
        'DOWNLOAD_DELAY': 3
    }

    def parse(self, response):
        # 使用 CSS 选择器遍历卡片
        for talent in response.css('.talent-card'):
            yield {
                'name': talent.css('.talent-name::text').get().strip(),
                'title': talent.css('.talent-title::text').get().strip(),
                'skills': talent.css('.skill-tag::text').getall()
            }
            
        # 处理分页（如果“加载更多”显示为链接）
        next_page = response.css('a.next-page::attr(href)').get()
        if next_page:
            yield response.follow(next_page, self.parse)

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

(async () => {
  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ headless: true });
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  
  // 模拟真实用户
  await page.setUserAgent('Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36');
  
  await page.goto('https://www.toptal.com/product-managers', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });

  const data = await page.evaluate(() => {
    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.talent-card');
    return Array.from(cards).map(card => ({
      name: card.querySelector('.talent-name')?.innerText,
      location: card.querySelector('.location')?.innerText
    }));
  });

  console.log(data);
  await browser.close();
})();